Crs Report for Congress Received through the Crs Web Science and Technology Policy : Issues for the 109Th Congress March 28, 2005

By Smith, Marcia S.

Excerpt
Summary: Science and technology have a pervasive influence over a wide range of issues confronting the nation. Decisions on how much federal funding to invest in research and development (R&D), and determining what programs have the highest priority, for example, may have implications for homeland security, new high technology industries, government/private sector cooperation in R&D, and myriad other areas.

Table of Contents
Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Research and Development Budget, Management, and Workforce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Federal Government Investment in R&D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 FY2006 R&D Budget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) and the President’s Management Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Information Quality Act Implementation and Peer Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Science and Technology Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Foreign Science and Engineering Presence in U.S. Institutions and the Labor Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Homeland Security Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Counterterrorism R&D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Bioterrorism Countermeasures R&D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Bioagent Lab Registration and Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Public Access to Scientific Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Information Technology Management for the Department of Homeland Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Data Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Technology Development Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Technological Innovation and the Economy: Impact of Federal R&D Funding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 R&D Partnerships and Intellectual Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Advanced Technology Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Prescription Drugs: Costs, Availability, and Federal R&D . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Telecommunications and Information Technology Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Telecommunications Act of 1996 Revision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Broadband Internet Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Transition to Digital Television . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Spectrum Management and Wireless Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Networking Information Technology R&D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 E-Health: Health Information Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 E-Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Open Source Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Wireless Privacy, Internet Privacy, and Spyware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Tsunamis and Other Emergencies: Forecasting and Warning Systems . . . . . . . . 28 Tsunami Forecasting and Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Technology for Warning Systems and Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Geosciences Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Ocean Commissions: Ocean Science and Oceanic Affairs . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Global Climate Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31